What happened
The pilot was conducting an arrival procedure at Dane County Regional Airport in Madison, Wisconsin, with the intention of landing on Runway 27. The runway length was limited to 2,200 feet and was wet due to light rain. Conditions included a south-southwest wind estimated by the pilot at 18 knots with gusts up to 21 knots; official weather reports at 08:00 CDT confirmed winds from 180 degrees at 16 knots.
After initiating two go-arounds, the pilot attempted a third landing approach. Upon touchdown, he reported that braking effectiveness was poor to nil. As the aircraft crested a high point on the runway surface, the pilot realized there was insufficient remaining distance to either execute another go-around or stop within the landing area. The aircraft continued beyond the paved surface and descended into a nearby ravine.
The investigation
Post-accident examination focused on the aircraft's performance during the final approach and rollout. The primary mechanical factor identified was the inability of the braking system to slow the aircraft effectively on the wet, short runway surface. The pilot's assessment of poor to nil braking aligns with the physical evidence of the overrun.
Findings
Contributing factors included the short length of the runway combined with wet conditions and crosswind components. The high point on the runway further reduced available stopping distance after cresting. The Cessna 172 was unable to stop before leaving the pavement. No injuries were reported for the pilot, who was not injured. The aircraft sustained substantial damage.
Safety message
Pilots should carefully evaluate runway length and surface conditions before landing. Wet runways significantly reduce braking effectiveness, and short fields require precise approach control and early decision-making regarding go-arounds.