Dual Propeller Failure Leads to Forced Landing

Casualties unknown • Youngstown, OH, US

During an IFR flight at 13,000 feet, the right engine surged in RPM before stabilizing. Shortly after beginning a descent, the left engine also failed, forcing a landing where the right main gear was damaged due to propeller hub pressure loss.

What happened

The aircraft was operating under instrument flight rules when it leveled off at an altitude of 13,000 feet. The pilot set the power settings to 18 inches of manifold pressure and 2,300 RPM. Approximately five minutes later, the right engine began to surge, with the RPM climbing toward 3,000 and nearly pegging the gauge. The pilot attempted to regain control of the right propeller, eventually stabilizing the engine at 2,300 RPM.

Following this incident, the pilot notified air traffic control and initiated an immediate descent toward the nearest airport. As the aircraft descended through approximately 7,000 feet, the left engine began running roughly, with the condition progressively worsening. When the left engine RPM dropped to about 1,500, the pilot feathered the left propeller. At nearly the same time, the right engine surged again, prompting the pilot to feather the right propeller as well.

After descending below the overcast layer, the pilot executed a forced landing in a blackberry patch. The impact resulted in damage to the right main gear.

The investigation

A post-accident examination revealed that the nut securing the right propeller spinner baffle had backed off. This disengagement had worn grooves into the air valve, which allowed the pre-load air pressure within the propeller hub to release. Additionally, investigators found that the pre-load air pressure on the left propeller was at 45 PSI, significantly lower than the required 70 PSI.

Findings

The primary mechanical failure involved the loss of pre-load air pressure in the right propeller hub due to a disengaged spinner baffle nut. Contributing factors included the low pre-load air pressure on the left propeller and the subsequent dual engine failure during descent.

Probable cause

The backing off of the nut holding the right propeller spinner baffle, which wore grooves in the air valve and allowed the release of pre-load air pressure in the hub; also found was low pre-load air pressure on the left propeller.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1983-07-19 Piper PA-23-250 accident near Youngstown, OH?

During an IFR flight at 13,000 feet, the right engine surged in RPM before stabilizing. Shortly after beginning a descent, the left engine also failed, forcing a landing where the right main gear was damaged due to propeller hub pressure loss.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1983-07-19 involved a Piper PA-23-250, registration N54072, at Youngstown, OH.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The backing off of the nut holding the right propeller spinner baffle, which wore grooves in the air valve and allowed the release of pre-load air pressure in the hub; also found was low pre-load air pressure on the left propeller.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X43646. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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