Flight Preparation
Before starting the flight, the aircraft was loaded with full fuel, five adult passengers, and approximately 45 pounds of baggage. The airport elevation was 3,606 feet and the temperature was 93 degrees Fahrenheit. The pilot did not calculate weight and balance or density altitude limits for the flight, stating he had previously flown the aircraft under similar conditions without encountering any problems.
Takeoff and Climb
The pilot initiated a no-flap takeoff, as required. He reported that the aircraft was slow to accelerate during the takeoff roll. After lift-off, he retracted the landing gear, but the aircraft would not climb and began to decelerate. The pilot observed that there appeared to be insufficient runway remaining for a wheel landing.
Landing
The pilot elected to land with the gear up. The wind was variable and gusting from calm to 5 knots. Just before starting takeoff, the wind was reported from 070 degrees at 5 knots.
Investigation Findings
An investigation revealed that the aircraft was about 400 pounds over its certificated maximum gross weight limit, and the density altitude was 6,528 feet. Additionally, the pilot stated that the engines and all systems appeared to be working well.