Landing Gear Failure Due to Sand Contamination

Casualties unknown • Lawrence, MA, US

A pilot experienced a landing gear collapse upon reaching the runway intersection after touchdown. Investigation revealed sand in the hinge area prevented proper locking, causing the aircraft to skid.

What happened

During the rollout phase of a landing operation, the pilot allowed the aircraft to continue moving along the active runway toward the intersection with Runway 23, intending to exit there. Upon reaching this junction, the right main landing gear unexpectedly retracted or collapsed. This sudden failure caused the aircraft to skid laterally to the right side of the runway surface.

The pilot reported that the aircraft eventually came to a complete stop while still positioned within the intersection area. Shortly after the initial incident, the left main landing gear also collapsed, leaving the aircraft unsupported on its fuselage. No further movement occurred after this second failure.

The investigation

Following the incident, maintenance personnel placed the aircraft on jacks to facilitate a thorough examination of the landing gear system. Technicians pumped the landing gear down manually to test its operation and inspect for internal faults.

The mechanical inspection revealed no evidence of inherent structural defects or hydraulic failures within the gear mechanism itself. However, investigators discovered sand accumulation in the hinge area of the landing gear assembly. Analysis indicated that this foreign object debris was significant enough to obstruct the normal locking mechanism.

Findings

The presence of sand in the critical hinge components prevented the landing gear from properly locking into the down position. This obstruction allowed the gear to retract under load during the rollout, leading to the collapse and subsequent skidding. The lack of mechanical failure elsewhere suggests that environmental contamination was the primary factor in the loss of gear integrity.

Safety message

Regular inspection and cleaning of landing gear hinge areas are essential to prevent foreign object debris from interfering with locking mechanisms. Pilots and maintenance crews should be vigilant about runway conditions that may introduce sand or grit into critical mechanical systems.

Probable cause

Sand contamination in the landing gear hinge area, which prevented the gear from properly locking in the down position.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1984-03-24 Piper PA-23 accident near Lawrence, MA?

A pilot experienced a landing gear collapse upon reaching the runway intersection after touchdown. Investigation revealed sand in the hinge area prevented proper locking, causing the aircraft to skid.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1984-03-24 involved a Piper PA-23, registration N2080P, at Lawrence, MA.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

Sand contamination in the landing gear hinge area, which prevented the gear from properly locking in the down position.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X39165. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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