Fuel exhaustion due to mismanagement of left tank quick drain leads to forced landing

Casualties unknown • Fort Pierce, FL, US

A pilot flying from the Bahamas to Florida neglected to add fuel to the left tank after noting a faulty quick-drain, resulting in fuel exhaustion and a forced landing with damage.

What happened

Prior to a flight originating in the Bahamas bound for West Palm Beach, Florida, the pilot identified a malfunction with the quick-drain valve on the left fuel tank. Upon arrival at West Palm Beach, the decision was made to refuel only the right tank, as the pilot intended to replace the defective left quick-drain at a later date.

During the subsequent leg of the journey to Vero Beach, Florida, the aircraft began drawing fuel from the left tank. The engine initially exhibited hesitation. At this point, the left fuel gauge indicated a quantity of less than one-quarter full. The pilot inspected the magnetos and determined that the left magneto was running rough.

While attempting to compare the performance of both magnetos and contacting Vero Beach Tower, the engine power dropped to idle altitude approximately 1,000 feet. Believing the issue stemmed from a magneto failure rather than fuel starvation, the pilot continued switching between magnetos and delayed moving the fuel selector valve.

The pilot eventually executed a forced landing on a sandy area. During the impact, the right landing gear collapsed, and the right elevator sustained damage.

The investigation

Post-accident examination revealed that only a few ounces of fuel remained in the left tank, while a considerable amount of fuel was still present in the right tank. Additionally, water and dirt were discovered in the right tank, and approximately one ounce of water was found within the fuel lines.

Findings

The pilot's failure to refuel the left tank after identifying a mechanical issue with its quick-drain valve resulted in fuel exhaustion. The pilot's misdiagnosis of the engine hesitation as a magneto problem led to a delay in switching the fuel selector, preventing the recovery of power from the remaining fuel in the right tank.

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to refuel the left fuel tank after noting a defective quick-drain valve, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and an inadequate emergency response due to misdiagnosis of the engine malfunction.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1985-05-12 Piper PA-22-150 accident near Fort Pierce, FL?

A pilot flying from the Bahamas to Florida neglected to add fuel to the left tank after noting a faulty quick-drain, resulting in fuel exhaustion and a forced landing with damage.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1985-05-12 involved a Piper PA-22-150, registration N7315D, at Fort Pierce, FL.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The pilot's failure to refuel the left fuel tank after noting a defective quick-drain valve, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and an inadequate emergency response due to misdiagnosis of the engine malfunction.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X36524. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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