Tailwheel Spring Failure Causes Right Swerve During Crosswind Landing

Casualties unknown • Ames, IA, US

An aircraft departed the runway during a crosswind landing due to a failed tailwheel latch spring, which caused uncontrolled steering to the right despite pilot corrective inputs.

What happened

The pilot intended to land on runway 19 at the destination airport; however, that runway was closed. Consequently, the pilot executed an approach and landing on runway 13. Conditions included a crosswind component of 15 knots from the right. The pilot determined that both the aircraft's capabilities and personal proficiency were sufficient for these conditions.

Upon touchdown, the pilot applied full rudder input and braking to maintain directional control along the centerline. Shortly after, the aircraft encountered an atmospheric gust. This disturbance caused the aircraft to swerve sharply to the right, leading to a departure from the paved surface. During the excursion, the left wing and the horizontal stabilizer struck the ground, resulting in damage to both components.

The investigation

A post-accident examination of the airframe revealed a critical mechanical failure within the tailwheel assembly. Specifically, the latch spring identified as Scott part number 3222 had failed. This component is essential for maintaining proper steering geometry in the tailwheel configuration.

The investigation determined that with the latch spring failed, the tailwheel mechanism would inadvertently steer the aircraft to the right. Crucially, the failure eliminated any steering capability to the left. This mechanical limitation prevented the pilot from counteracting the rightward yaw induced by the gust and crosswind, making recovery impossible once the swerve began.

Findings

The primary factor in this incident was the failure of the tailwheel latch spring. This defect created a unilateral steering bias that could not be corrected by the pilot. While the crosswind and gust were within operational limits, the mechanical failure rendered the aircraft uncontrollable in the critical phase of ground handling.

Probable cause

The failure of the tailwheel latch spring (Scott PN 3222), which caused the aircraft to steer right with no left steering capability, during a crosswind landing on a closed runway's alternate.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1985-07-29 Cessna 180 accident near Ames, IA?

An aircraft departed the runway during a crosswind landing due to a failed tailwheel latch spring, which caused uncontrolled steering to the right despite pilot corrective inputs.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1985-07-29 involved a Cessna 180, registration N3161C, operated by Richard A. George, at Ames, IA.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The failure of the tailwheel latch spring (Scott PN 3222), which caused the aircraft to steer right with no left steering capability, during a crosswind landing on a closed runway's alternate.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X37239. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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