Casualties unknown

Generator CSD Failures Lead to Emergency Landing and Runway Excursion (N922RW)

Monte Vista, CO, US

On October 18, 1989, a Mcdonnell Douglas DC-9 (registration N922RW) was involved in an aviation accident near Monte Vista, CO. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE POOR INFLIGHT PLANNING AND DECISIONS MADE BY THE FLIGHT CREW FOLLOWING THE FAILURE OF THE NUMBER TWO GENERATOR CONSTANT SPEED DRIVE UNIT. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO THE ACCIDENT WERE THE FAILURE OF THE NO. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered N922RW
Aircraft registered N922RW. Photo: Cory W. Watts from Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America / CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

While cruising at FL350, the No. 2 generator CSD failed and the crew inadvertently disconnected the No. 1 generator CSD. Attempts to start the APU failed. The aircraft descended on emergency electrical power and landed at an inadequate airport. The crew performed a no-flap approach and extended the landing gear manually. The landing speed was high, causing the aircraft to overrun the runway, damaging the landing gear and No. 1 engine. Cabin depressurization was not performed manually, delaying evacuation.

Event Summary

During cruise at flight level 350, the No. 2 generator constant speed drive (CSD) failed. The flight crew subsequently inadvertently disconnected the No. 1 generator CSD. Efforts to start the auxiliary power unit (APU) were initiated but aborted due to a hot start as the start attempt was made above the APU start envelope. The aircraft was then descended using emergency electrical power. A landing was conducted at an airport that was inadequate for the aircraft type.

Approach and Landing

The flight crew chose to execute a no-flap approach and to lower the landing gear using the emergency extension method, despite both flaps and landing gear systems being operable through normal means. This decision was influenced by the lack of landing gear and flap position indicators when the aircraft operates on battery power. The landing speed was fast, and the aircraft departed the end of the runway, resulting in damage to the landing gear and the No. 1 engine.

Evacuation

Following the landing, the crew failed to manually depressurize the aircraft. As a result, the evacuation was delayed until a knowledgeable passenger proceeded to the cockpit and depressurized the aircraft.

Operator Manual

The operator's aircraft operating manual did contain APU starting procedures; however, it did not include an APU start envelope chart.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001213X29581. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.