Casualties unknown

Tow Line Entanglement Leads to Stall and Spin During Banner Pickup (N2789P)

Conway, SC, US

On July 28, 1990, a Piper PA-18A (registration N2789P) operated by Sky Signs Inc. was involved in an aviation accident near Conway, SC. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: TOWLINE INTERFERENCE WITH THE RUDDER, AND FAILURE OF THE PILOT TO MAINTAIN ADEQUATE AIRSPEED, WHICH RESULTED IN A STALL/SPINN. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive; 1 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

During a banner tow operation, the tow line became entangled in the rudder control, interfering with movement. The pilot did not visually check the line or land to free it. When the banner was captured, tension precluded release and caused a deflected rudder, leading to a stall and spin.

Incident Overview

A banner tow operation was in progress when the pilot took off to perform the first tow of the day. After deploying the tow hook—a grappling hook attached to a rope—the tow line became entangled in the rudder control system, interfering with its movement. According to operator personnel, the pilot should have visually inspected the grappling hook line after deployment to ensure it was not fouled on the rudder bell crank. Had he observed such fouling, he should have landed to free the line rather than proceeding to pick up the banner.

Aircraft Equipment and Events

The aircraft was equipped with a hook release mechanism in accordance with Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) SA 1-349. However, evidence indicated that when the banner was captured, the weight of the banner placed tension on the tow hook line. This tension precluded the release of the line and caused a deflected rudder. Subsequently, the aircraft stalled and spun to the ground.

Operator Statements and Regulatory Guidance

Operator personnel reported that the aircraft would have remained controllable even with the line fouled on the rudder bell crank. Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular (AC) 43.13-2A states that the system should have been tested to ensure there was no interference with the tailwheel or adjacent structure.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X23596. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.