Casualties unknown

Helicopter Disintegrates in Flight After Tail Rotor Drive System Failure (N1094D)

Jefferson, MD, US

On September 25, 1990, a Hughes 269C (registration N1094D) operated by New Horizon Aviation, Inc. was involved in an aviation accident near Jefferson, MD. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The splines of the tail rotor splined drive sleeve were excessively worn, rendering loss of transmission of torque to the tail rotor. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

Witnesses observed a helicopter breaking apart mid-air. Radar data showed a sharp right turn before disintegration. Investigation found excessive wear on the tail rotor splined drive sleeve, causing loss of torque transmission.

Accident Narrative

Witnesses reported that the helicopter came apart while in flight. Radar data indicated the aircraft was at an altitude of 2,600 feet when it executed a right turn of approximately 35 degrees over a span of about four seconds. Subsequently, the helicopter sustained general disintegration.

Investigation Findings

Examination of the wreckage revealed that the splines of the tail rotor splined drive sleeve were excessively worn. This wear rendered the component unable to transmit torque to the tail rotor, leading to a loss of tail rotor control. Two other aircraft of the same model (HU-269) were found to have similar wear on the splined sleeve.

Maintenance and Service Bulletin

The 300-hour inspection for this helicopter type requires the removal and inspection of the upper pulley assembly, as well as lubrication of bearings. Additionally, Schweizer Aircraft Corporation had issued Service Bulletin N-219 approximately one month prior to the accident. The bulletin called for retorquing of the spline retaining nut. The accident helicopter was within the required compliance time for this bulletin, but the bulletin had not been performed.

Probable cause

The splines of the tail rotor splined drive sleeve were excessively worn, rendering loss of transmission of torque to the tail rotor.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X24202. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.