Casualties unknown

Pilot's First Actual IFR Flight Ends in Accident After Low-Weather Approach Attempt (N5399Y)

Alliance, NE, US

On April 4, 1994, a Piper PA-23-250 (registration N5399Y) operated by James W. Furman was involved in an aviation accident near Alliance, NE. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE PILOT'S SPATIAL DISORIENTATION AND INADVERTANT ENTRY INTO A SPIRAL DIVE. FACTORS WERE THE PILOT'S LACK OF TOTAL INSTRUMENT EXPERIENCE AND THE WEATHER CONDITIONS OF BLOWING SNOW AND TURBULENCE. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

A private pilot on his first actual IFR flight after earning instrument rating experienced difficulties with communications and navigation, leading to a descending spiral and accident near destination with low visibility and gusty winds.

Accident Details

An instrument-rated private pilot was on the return leg of his first actual IFR flight, three days after completing his instrument-airplane checkride. The pilot had accumulated two hours of actual IFR flight time prior to this flight. The examiner who had failed him on his initial checkflight two weeks before the successful check stated that the applicant tended to become overloaded by communications in addition to navigation and aircraft control.

Weather and Communications

Weather at the destination was between 500-1 and 400-1/2 in blowing snow, with winds gusting to 30 knots. Approach minimums were 500-1. Communications with air traffic control (ARTCC) were difficult throughout the flight.

Flight Path

Radar track data showed the flight path was circuitous, did not follow the published approach or missed approach, and depicted a descending spiral for the final three minutes of the flight. During these turns, the pilot stated he was proceeding to his alternate.

Aircraft Condition

Post-accident examination found the flap actuator in the fully extended position. No discrepancies were noted in the flight instruments, pitot-static system, or engines.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001206X01067. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.