Helicopter main rotor RPM decay leads to landing on boulder-covered ledge

Casualties unknown • Kukuihaele, HI, US

A sightseeing helicopter flight ended in a forced landing after the pilot observed a decrease in main rotor RPM, resulting in damage to the rotor blades.

What happened

While conducting a sightseeing tour at 1200 feet AGL, the pilot of the helicopter noticed and heard a decrease in the main rotor RPM. In response to this decay, the pilot initiated a precautionary landing on a ledge covered with boulders, located approximately 50 feet from the surf line.

As the pilot applied power to facilitate the landing, the engine failed to respond, and the main rotor RPM horn activated. Upon touchdown, the main rotor and tail rotor blades made contact with the rocks, causing the aircraft to roll onto its right side. The occupants were not injured.

The investigation

An examination of the engine was performed following the accident. Investigators discovered a fatigue crack in a steel 'T' fitting used to attach the pneumatic PG accumulator to the power turbine governor. This crack was specifically located within the channel of the fitting where the adjacent nut retention wire is wrapped.

A metallurgical examination was conducted, which found no other contributing conditions regarding the initiation of the crack.

Probable cause

A fatigue crack in a steel T-fitting connecting the pneumatic PG accumulator to the power turbine governor caused the main rotor RPM to decrease.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1994-08-11 Aerospatiale AS350-D accident near Kukuihaele, HI?

A sightseeing helicopter flight ended in a forced landing after the pilot observed a decrease in main rotor RPM, resulting in damage to the rotor blades.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1994-08-11 involved a Aerospatiale AS350-D, registration N889AT, at Kukuihaele, HI.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

A fatigue crack in a steel T-fitting connecting the pneumatic PG accumulator to the power turbine governor caused the main rotor RPM to decrease.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001206X02064. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

Loading the flight search…