Engine Power Loss During Takeoff Leads to Tree Collision

Casualties unknown • Tucson, AZ, US

An aircraft experienced an engine power loss during the initial climb phase, resulting in a collision with trees before reaching a planned forced landing area.

What happened

During the initial climb following takeoff, the engine of the aircraft lost power. This loss of power caused the airplane to collide with trees located short of the pilot's intended forced landing area.

The investigation

An examination of the aircraft revealed that automotive gasoline was being used as fuel. During a previous test run, the engine had operated at full RPM before experiencing a power output drop of 300 to 400 RPM. In that instance, applying carburetor heat resulted in a partial return of power, but removing the heat caused the engine to return to its degraded running condition.

While a float level problem was suspected and the carburetor was sent to an overhaul shop for analysis, the aircraft owner decided to replace the unit with a different type. Consequently, the specific carburetor involved in the accident was lost during the overhaul process.

Findings

Information Letter 8401 from the EAA notes a known issue regarding rubber tipped needle valves that swell when they come into contact with automotive fuels. This swelling can decrease the orifice size at the carburetor inlet, leading to a slow degeneration of in-flight engine power. Additionally, sudden power losses during takeoff have been reported in aircraft following extended periods of inactivity.

Probable cause

The engine lost power during the initial climb due to the use of automotive gasoline, which caused the rubber tipped needle valves in the carburetor to swell and restrict fuel flow.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1995-10-09 Piper J3C-65 accident near Tucson, AZ?

An aircraft experienced an engine power loss during the initial climb phase, resulting in a collision with trees before reaching a planned forced landing area.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1995-10-09 involved a Piper J3C-65, registration N59931, at Tucson, AZ.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The engine lost power during the initial climb due to the use of automotive gasoline, which caused the rubber tipped needle valves in the carburetor to swell and restrict fuel flow.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001207X04719. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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