Engine failure and forced landing following fuel contamination

Casualties unknown • Orland, CA, US

An aircraft experienced dual engine power loss during repositioning after polyacrylamide contamination was discovered in the main fuel filters.

What happened

The pilot was repositioning the aircraft back to its home base following a series of revenue flights. One month prior to the accident, the pilot had refueel the auxiliary tanks at a different airport, but had not utilized those tanks since that time. Approximately 20 minutes after takeoff, the pilot switched the left and right engines to their respective auxiliary fuel tanks. Thirty minutes later, the pilot returned the engines to the main fuel supply.

Following this switch, the right engine began to surge and subsequently stopped running. Although the engine restarted after the pilot activated the fuel boost pump, it quit again five minutes later; subsequent restart attempts were unsuccessful. Shortly thereafter, the left engine also began to surge and produced only partial power.

With decaying altitude and power in the remaining engine, the pilot diverted to an alternate airport. Upon approaching the airport, the pilot determined the aircraft was too high to land with a tailwind and circled to land into the wind. During the base leg, due to the presence of power lines and the rapid loss of altitude and power, the pilot decided to land straight ahead in a field. During the landing roll, the aircraft collided with a ditch. There were no injuries reported.

The investigation

Examination of the left and right main fuel filters revealed a foreign substance. Laboratory analysis identified this substance as polyacrylamide, a manmade synthetic polymer used as an agricultural soil amendment to reduce erosion.

An inspection of the fueling facility found that refueling employees lacked formal or on-the-job training. There were no records indicating that delivery system filters had been inspected or replaced. Maintenance for the fuel truck, delivery system, and storage facility was performed by employees only on an as-needed, time-permitted basis. Additionally, the fuel truck was improperly labeled, and the fuel nozzle was found in a compartment among dirt, gravel, and other contaminants without any protective caps or covers.

Probable cause

The engine failures were caused by polyacrylamide contamination in the main fuel filters, resulting from improper maintenance and lack of oversight at the fueling facility.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1999-05-22 Cessna 414 accident near Orland, CA?

An aircraft experienced dual engine power loss during repositioning after polyacrylamide contamination was discovered in the main fuel filters.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1999-05-22 involved a Cessna 414, registration N8153Q, at Orland, CA.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The engine failures were caused by polyacrylamide contamination in the main fuel filters, resulting from improper maintenance and lack of oversight at the fueling facility.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X18817. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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