Engine failure and hard landing following inaccurate fuel gauge reading

Casualties unknown • Fargo, ND, US

An engine failure occurred during the approach phase of a three-hour flight after an inaccurate left fuel gauge reading led to fuel exhaustion.

What happened

The pilot departed with 70 gallons of fuel, providing approximately 3.5 hours of endurance. After a flight duration of roughly 3.0 hours, the engine quit during the pre-landing checklist phase. At the time of the engine failure, the left fuel gauge indicated between 10 and 11 gallons remaining.

The pilot attempted to switch the fuel selector to the right tank, which indicated 8 gallons, but subsequently switched back to the left tank because the left gauge showed a higher quantity. An attempt to restart the engine was unsuccessful. During the landing, the pilot flared several feet high, causing the stall warning horn to sound and resulting in a hard landing.

The investigation

Post-accident inspection of the aircraft revealed that the left fuel tank contained only 0.75 gallons of fuel. While the right fuel tank was compromised during the landing impact, testing of the gauges was performed by adding 5 gallons of fuel to both the repaired right tank and the left tank. The right fuel gauge functioned correctly, but the left fuel gauge indicated only 3 gallons.

The pilot noted that the left fuel gauge had a history of intermittent inaccuracies dating back to 1996. It was also noted that the aircraft's listed unusable fuel is 5 gallons.

Probable cause

The engine failure was caused by fuel exhaustion resulting from an inaccurate left fuel gauge reading.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1999-07-08 Piper PA-32R accident near Fargo, ND?

An engine failure occurred during the approach phase of a three-hour flight after an inaccurate left fuel gauge reading led to fuel exhaustion.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1999-07-08 involved a Piper PA-32R, registration N8451E, at Fargo, ND.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The engine failure was caused by fuel exhaustion resulting from an inaccurate left fuel gauge reading.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X19185. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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