Incident
On April 23, 2015, at 1616 eastern daylight time, a Beech D95A, registration N8950U, was substantially damaged while landing with the landing gear retracted at Jacksonville Executive Airport at Craig Field (CRG), Jacksonville, Florida. The private pilot/owner was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and an instrument flight rules flight plan was filed for the flight that departed Boone County Airport (HRO), Harrison, Arkansas. The personal flight was conducted under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91.
Pilot Actions
In a telephone conversation, the pilot said that air traffic control vectored the airplane for the final approach to Runway 14. He said he performed the before-landing or "GUMP" check by rote and inadvertently positioned the flap handle when he believed it was the landing gear handle. The pilot heard an electric motor actuate, and the airplane's speed and handling responded in familiar fashion, so he continued the landing approach to touchdown. He explained that he did not confirm three, illuminated, green, landing-gear lights on the instrument panel prior to landing. He subsequently reported to the air traffic controller, first responders, and to a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector that he had inadvertently lowered the flap handle instead of the gear handle, but that the gear warning horn did not sound.
Pilot Information
The pilot held a private pilot certificate with ratings for airplane single engine land, airplane multiengine land, and instrument airplane. His most recent FAA second class medical certificate was issued October 10, 2014. The pilot reported 864 total hours of flight experience, of which 199 hours were in the accident airplane make and model.
Aircraft Information
The airplane was manufactured in 1965, and according to the pilot/owner, its most recent annual inspection was completed in February 2015, about 4,301 total aircraft hours.
Post-Incident Examination
The airplane was recovered to a maintenance facility on CRG where it was placed on jacks. The landing gear was extended and retracted with no anomalies noted. The airplane was then configured for landing, and the throttles reduced to the idle-power position. Once configured, the gear warning horn did not sound as prescribed. Troubleshooting of the gear warning horn could not be performed, and therefore the cause of the horn malfunction was not determined.
Pilot Report
The pilot reported that there were no mechanical anomalies that would have precluded normal operation of the airplane. He further reported that he experienced lengthy delays earlier in his trip which lengthened his duty day resulting in fatigue. The pilot offered that fatigue, combined with other distractors as well as complacency, could have been mitigated by a "strict adherence to the checklist and visual verification of gear status."