What happened
On May 21, 2023, a PIPER PA-28-161, registration EC-JQS, was conducting a local flight at La Axarquía Aerodrome in Málaga, Spain. The aircraft was carrying a pilot and three passengers. After a flight along the coastline, the pilot decided to perform a touch-and-go landing on runway 12.
During the approach, the aircraft was configured with 40° flaps and was experiencing a tailwind. The aircraft touched down at the intersection with Romeo, approximately 400 meters from the end of the runway. Following touchdown, the pilot attempted to transition into a takeoff by reducing flaps to 10° and applying full power. However, the pilot realized that the aircraft lacked sufficient remaining runway to achieve a safe climb rate to clear obstacles.
In an attempt to stop the aircraft, the pilot applied full brakes and set the engine to idle. Despite these efforts, the aircraft overran the runway, crashed through the airfield perimeter fence, and came to a stop in a dry riverbed. All 4 persons on board were unharmed, though the aircraft sustained significant damage, including a collapsed nose gear and deformed wing edges.
The investigation
The CIAIAC investigation examined the aircraft's performance, the meteorological conditions, and the runway characteristics. The investigation established that the aircraft was operating at its maximum takeoff weight. While the weather was not limiting, the aircraft landed with a tailwind component of approximately 5 to 9 knots.
Analysis of the runway geometry revealed that runway 12 has an offset threshold, which significantly reduces the available landing distance. Calculations based on the aircraft's weight and the prevailing wind indicated a required landing distance of approximately 513 meters, whereas the pilot had only about 400 meters of runway remaining from the point of touchdown.
Findings
- The aircraft touched down too far down the runway to safely execute a touch-and-go.
- The pilot attempted to abort the takeoff after the runway length had already been significantly depleted.
- The cause of the accident was an incorrectly executed touch-and-go manoeuvre due to deficient flight planning.