What happened
On February 1, 2014, a Cabri G2 helicopter was conducting a training flight at the Augsburg airfield in Germany. The flight, intended for private pilot training, was delayed due to special VFR conditions and incoming traffic. To make use of the time, the flight instructor decided to perform hovering exercises with the student pilot.
During the maneuvers, the student pilot positioned the helicopter at a height of approximately 2 meters over a grass area known as the X-Ray Area. While the aircraft was in a stationary hover, it began to rotate uncontrollably to the right around its vertical axis. Despite the student's attempts to use the left anti-torque pedal, the rightward rotation accelerated. The instructor attempted to regain control by applying left pedal and increasing forward airspeed, but the proximity of obstacles forced him to abort the maneuver. To prevent a more serious collision, the instructor intentionally landed the helicopter on the ground. During this touchdown, the tail boom pitched upward, causing the main rotor to strike the upper portion of the vertical fin.
The investigation
The BFU examined the wreckage and the flight sequence. The investigation confirmed that the helicopter sustained heavy damage, including a broken tail boom and a severed section of the vertical fin. The Fenestron blades were also damaged. The investigation also reviewed the mechanical state of the anti-torque system, finding that the Fenestron pitch control mechanism was functioning correctly and was properly connected to the pedals.
Findings
- The aircraft experienced an uncontrolled rotation to the right, which is the same direction as the main rotor's rotation.
- According to manufacturer assessment, this indicates that the Fenestron was active with blades set at a high efficiency, generating more thrust for anti-torque compensation than was necessary, thereby driving the rotation.
- There were no injuries to the pilot or the student pilot.
- The aircraft was operated by a certified flight training organization with its own maintenance facility.