What happened
On September 11, 2019, a Cessna 208 Caravan was conducting a commercial parachute dropping operation at the Gransee airfield. After completing the fourth jump of the day, the pilot began a descent toward the airfield. Radar data tracked the aircraft at approximately 550 ft AMSL, traveling at a ground speed of roughly 168 kt on a heading of 330°.
During this phase, the aircraft entered a wide, steep left-hand turn. The pilot was attempting to intercept the final approach course for runway 29, but the maneuver was performed at an excessive speed and altitude. The aircraft was traveling at speeds between 180 and 200 kt, significantly exceeding the manufacturer's structural and maneuvering limits. While attempting to recover from this steep bank, the aircraft struck the ground 1,250 meters east of the runway threshold. The impact resulted in the death of the pilot and the total destruction of the aircraft.
The investigation
The BFU investigation examined radar records, aircraft wreckage, and operational documentation. Investigators analyzed the flight path, which revealed a high rate of descent averaging 4,000 ft/min. The wreckage analysis showed that the aircraft's engine, cockpit, and instrument panel were separated from the main fuselage upon impact. The investigation also reviewed the pilot's flight history, the operator's manual, and previous reports of irregular flying behavior.
Findings
- The primary cause of the accident was a risky low-level flight maneuver performed in a controlled flight state.
- The aircraft was flying at speeds well outside the established operating limits defined in the Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH).
- The approach was not stabilized, as the pilot was attempting to correct a wide turn at excessive velocity.
- The pilot had a history of routine violations, including performing steep, irregular turns and flying close to terrain, which had been observed by the airfield manager and other witnesses.
- The operator's manual contained ambiguous language regarding descent and landing procedures, which could contribute to unsafe operational practices.
- While the pilot was experienced, a lack of effective supervision and the acceptance of previous risky maneuvers allowed a dangerous flying style to become established.