No fatalities

Engine Failure and Fire During Forced Landing (N365AA)

Raton, United States of AmericaLanding (descent or approach)

On December 17, 1984, a Cessna 401 (registration N365AA) operated by Arrowhead Airways was involved in an aviation accident near Raton, United States of America during landing or approach. No fatalities were reported. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: Occurrence #1: loss of engine power(partial) - mech failure/malf Phase of operation: cruise - normal Findings 1. (f) engine instruments, fuel flow gage - no pressure 2. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A).

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 2026-06-11Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered N365AA
Aircraft registered N365AA. Photo: CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

About two hours after departure, the right engine fuel flow went to zero at 13,000 feet. A brown stain appeared on the right wing. A precautionary landing was initiated, but on touchdown flames emerged and brakes failed. The pilot steered into a snowbank, collapsing the nose gear. All three occupants escaped uninjured.

Incident

Approximately two hours after departure, while cruising at 13,000 feet, the right engine fuel flow dropped to zero. The engine continued operating, indicating 24 inches of manifold pressure, while all other instruments remained normal. A brown stain developed on top of the right wing along the spar cap near the tip tank.

Sequence of Events

Air Traffic Control was advised of a planned precautionary landing at Raton, and a rapid descent was initiated. On final approach, the right engine nacelle and wing locker turned brown. Upon landing, flames appeared on the right side of the fuselage, and smoke entered the cabin. Both engines were secured and brakes were applied, but the brakes were inoperative. The pilot then steered the aircraft off the runway into a snowbank, causing the nose gear to collapse. Within 15 minutes, most of the wreckage was consumed by fire.

Investigation Findings

The ignition source and fire origination point were not determined. All three occupants escaped uninjured. The investigation documented multiple occurrences:

  • Loss of Engine Power (Partial): During cruise, the fuel flow gauge showed no pressure, and the manifold pressure gauge experienced a partial loss.
  • Fire/Explosion: During cruise, the wing skin was burned.
  • Forced Landing: During emergency descent, the pilot executed a precautionary landing; the normal brake system failed completely.
  • Ground Collision: During landing roll, the aircraft encountered a snowbank, and the pilot intentionally performed a ground loop/swerve.
  • Nose Gear Collapse: During landing roll, the nose gear assembly was overloaded.

Probable Cause

Official findings: Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (partial) - mechanical failure/malfunction. Occurrence #2: fire/explosion. Occurrence #3: forced landing. Occurrence #4: on ground/water collision with object. Occurrence #5: nose gear collapsed.