Introduction
A Cessna 414 airplane collided with a tree in a mountainous residential area approximately one mile from the departure airport. The accident occurred in instrument meteorological conditions with visibility reported at one-eighth of a mile. An instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan had been filed but was not opened; the airplane departed under visual flight rules.
Flight Details
The collision site was at an elevation about 100 feet higher than the airport. The standard instrument departure (SID) procedures for the airport prescribe takeoff minimums of a 3,500-foot ceiling and 3 miles visibility. The procedure requires a minimum climb rate of 425 feet per nautical mile, a right turn after takeoff to intercept the 002° radial off a VOR, and a climb to a specified altitude. The Airman's Information Manual recommends that pilots climb to 400 feet above ground level before turning when executing a SID under IFR.
Aircraft Weight and Condition
At the time of takeoff, the airplane was determined to be approximately 400 pounds over its maximum gross weight. Examination of the wreckage disclosed no evidence of any preexisting aircraft or engine malfunctions or failures.
Occupants and Outcome
All four occupants on board were killed in the accident.
Probable Cause
The official probable cause was the decision of the pilot not to follow instrument flight rule procedures during instrument meteorological conditions and poor preflight planning, which resulted in operation of the airplane over the maximum gross weight and reduced performance. Factors in the accident were the foggy weather conditions and high terrain.