Accident Summary
On an unspecified date, a private aircraft departed from Comandante Rolim Adolfo Amaro Aerodrome (SBJD), Jundiaí, São Paulo, at approximately 1458 UTC, destined for Barra Grande Aerodrome (SIRI), Maraú, Bahia. The flight carried two pilots and eight passengers. Upon arrival at 1717 UTC, the aircraft executed an undershoot landing on runway 11. The main and auxiliary landing gear burst during the landing. The aircraft continued along the runway, dragging the lower fuselage and lower wing, then veered off the left side, coming to a stop with its heading lagged approximately 210 degrees relative to the landing trajectory. A fire subsequently engulfed most of the aircraft, which was destroyed.
Injuries and Damage
One crewmember and four passengers suffered fatal injuries. The other crewmember and the remaining four passengers sustained serious injuries. The aircraft was destroyed by the fire.
Probable Cause
The official investigation identified contributing factors across multiple areas:
- Control Skills – Inadequate control performance resulted in a shallower-than-ideal approach ramp, causing the aircraft to touch down before the runway threshold.
- Attention – The commander’s divided attention between supervising the copilot and controlling the aircraft may have impaired flight management and reaction time.
- Attitude – The commander took two photographs of the runway and aerodrome with a cell phone during the downwind leg, reflecting an inadequate posture toward primary flight tasks.
- Communication – The copilot’s low voice tone and intensity during callouts, combined with lack of headphone use, limited the commander’s information reception.
- Crew Resource Management – Lack of proper CRM techniques compromised task management, preventing a go-around when the approach became destabilized.
- Illusions – The narrower runway width may have caused an illusion that the aircraft was higher than actual; terrain surprises (dunes) and runway coloring (asphalt and concrete) could have affected visual interpretation of the approach ramp.
- Piloting Judgment – The commander’s inadequate assessment of aircraft position relative to the final approach ramp and landing runway contributed to touching down before the threshold.
- Perception – Possible decreased situational awareness delayed perception of an unstable approach, preventing timely correction.
- Flight Planning – Pilots may not have accounted for the inoperable ground proximity warning system and the lack of a visual approach slope indicator at the aerodrome.
- Physical Sensory Limitations – The commander’s impaired hearing, coupled with not using headphones, may have interfered with cockpit communication during a critical phase.