What happened
On August 12, 2024, at approximately 06:40 HLC, a Cessna A188A, registration HK1468, was performing agricultural spraying operations near the Orihueca aerodrome in the Zona Bananera region of Magdalena, Colombia. After departing the runway, the pilot experienced a loss of engine power. As the aircraft struggled to clear nearby obstacles, including tall palm trees, the pilot attempted an emergency procedure by partially discharging the fungicide payload to reduce weight and regain lift.
Despite this effort, the aircraft could not maintain altitude and descended into a nearby banana plantation. The impact with the crops caused the aircraft to strike several trees, leading to a forced landing on the unprepared terrain. Following the impact, a post-crash fire broke out, destroying approximately 80% of the airframe. The pilot, the sole occupant, managed to evacuate the wreckage on their own and sustained minor injuries.
The investigation
The GRIAA investigation focused on the aircraft's performance during the takeoff phase and the operational parameters of the flight. Investigators examined the aircraft's weight and balance records, noting that the aircraft was significantly overloaded at the time of departure. The investigation also evaluated the surrounding terrain, specifically the presence of tall vegetation and trees adjacent to the takeoff path.
Technical analysis of the aircraft's configuration revealed that the aircraft was carrying 45 gallons of fuel and 180 gallons of fungicide. The investigation established that the aircraft was operating with an excess weight of approximately 625 pounds beyond its intended limits. Furthermore, the investigators analyzed the aerodynamic phenomenon of ground effect, which contributed to the loss of control as the aircraft's performance degraded while attempting to clear obstacles.
Findings
- The primary cause of the accident was the inadequate weight and balance of the aircraft, which left it 625 pounds over its intended weight.
- The aircraft experienced a loss of control in flight (LOC-I) due to the combination of excessive weight and the aerodynamic effects of ground effect, which hindered the aircraft's ability to climb over obstacles.
- The pilot experienced a loss of engine power immediately following takeoff, necessitating the emergency landing.
- The operator failed to conduct a proper risk assessment regarding the takeoff limitations, specifically concerning the presence of obstacles and the high-weight configuration required for the mission.
- The post-impact fire resulted in substantial damage to the airframe, including the destruction of the fuselage and cockpit.