170 fatalities

1989-09-19: Douglas DC-10 (N54629) — Union des Transports Aériens - UTA — Niger, Niger

Niger, NigerFlight

On September 19, 1989, a Douglas DC-10 (registration N54629) operated by Union des Transports Aériens - UTA was involved in an aviation accident near Niger, Niger in flight. 170 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The aircraft was destroyed by an explosion due to an explosive charge placed in a container located in position 13R in the forward cargo hold. The bomb was formed of pentrite. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 1 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781213673Data APIEditorial standards

A DC-10 en route from N'Djamena to Paris exploded mid-air over Niger after a bomb in the forward cargo hold detonated. All 170 occupants died in the crash, with wreckage scattered over 100 km² in the Ténéré Desert.

Accident Overview

On a flight from N'Djamena Airport to Paris-Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport, a DC-10 departed at 1313 local time. Forty-six minutes later, while cruising at 35,000 feet over Niger, the aircraft vanished from radar screens without any distress call from the crew. It was subsequently determined that the aircraft had exploded in mid-air and crashed in the desert.

Search and Wreckage

Search and rescue operations were initiated, and the wreckage was located one day later in the Ténéré Desert, approximately 650 km north of N'Djamena and northeast of the Termit Mountain Range. Debris was scattered over an area of 100 km². None of the 170 occupants survived the crash.

Investigation Findings

The official investigation determined that the accident was caused by an explosion that destroyed the aircraft. An explosive charge was placed in a container in position 13R of the forward cargo hold. The bomb consisted of pentrite, an explosive containing a powerful and highly sensitive crystalline nitric ester. The investigation commission asserted that the most plausible hypothesis is that the explosive charge was inside baggage loaded at Brazzaville Airport. Observations made shortly after the accident at Brazzaville Airport indicated that airport security measures in force at that time did not comply with ICAO standards and recommended practices (Annex 17 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and the Civil Aviation Security Manual, DOC 8973).

Probable cause

The aircraft was destroyed by an explosion due to an explosive charge placed in a container located in position 13R in the forward cargo hold. The bomb was formed of pentrite. The most plausible hypothesis is that the explosive charge was inside baggage loaded at Brazzaville Airport.