16 fatalities

2013-10-03: Embraer EMB-120 Brasília (5N-BJY) — Associated Aviation — Lagos-Murtala Muhammed, Nigeria

Lagos-Murtala Muhammed, NigeriaTakeoff (climb)

On October 3, 2013, an Embraer EMB-120 Brasília (registration 5N-BJY) operated by Associated Aviation was involved in an aviation accident near Lagos-Murtala Muhammed, Nigeria during takeoff. 16 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The crew's decision to proceed with takeoff despite an engine thrust deficiency and configuration warnings resulted in an aerodynamic stall. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A).

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781193963Data APIEditorial standards

An aircraft experienced an aerodynamic stall and ground impact shortly after rotation during a takeoff roll at Lagos International Airport due to insufficient engine thrust.

What happened

During the takeoff roll at Lagos International Airport, the crew of Associated 361 advanced power to begin the departure on runway one eight left. Shortly after the start of the roll, an automated cockpit warning notified the crew regarding incorrect flap configuration. Despite this warning and subsequent alerts regarding the auto-feather status of the propeller, the Captain elected to continue the takeoff rather than aborting the procedure.

As the aircraft accelerated, the First Officer noted a lack of speed, and evidence indicated that the right engine was producing significantly less thrust than the left engine. The right engine propeller was found in the feathered position following the accident. Although the First Officer inquired about aborting the takeoff at approximately 95 knots, the Captain decided to proceed. The crew failed to announce the critical V1 or Vr speeds during the roll.

During the rotation phase, the First Officer instructed the pilot flying to rotate the aircraft "gently" to avoid a stall, reflecting concerns regarding the aircraft's performance. After lift-off, the aircraft drifted right of the runway and struggled to gain altitude. Within 10 seconds of rotation, a stall warning activated in the cockpit. The flight data recorded characteristics consistent with an aerodynamic stall, and approximately 31 seconds after the warning began, the aircraft type impacted the ground in a steep, nose-down, 90-degree right bank.

Findings

  • The crew decided to proceed with the takeoff despite receiving warnings about flap configuration and auto-feathering.
  • The right engine suffered from reduced thrust caused by an unidentified malfunction within the propeller control unit.
  • The aircraft was rotated before reaching the V1 decision speed.
  • The decision to continue the takeoff roll despite known engine and configuration abnormalities led to the loss of control.

Probable cause

The crew's decision to proceed with takeoff despite an engine thrust deficiency and configuration warnings resulted in an aerodynamic stall.