No fatalities

2004-12-01: Gulfstream GIV (G-GMAC) — Gama Aviation — Teterboro, United States of America

Teterboro, United States of AmericaLanding (descent or approach)

On December 1, 2004, a Gulfstream GIV (registration G-GMAC) operated by Gama Aviation was involved in an aviation accident near Teterboro, United States of America during landing or approach. No fatalities were reported. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The flightcrew's inadvertent engagement of the autothrottle system, and their failure to recognize the engagement during landing, which resulted in a runway excursion. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A).

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781199980Data APIEditorial standards

An airplane experienced a runway excursion after the autothrottle inadvertently reengaged during landing, preventing ground spoiler and thrust reverser deployment. The flightcrew was unaware of the reengagement. Factors included lack of switch guards and engagement tone, and gusty winds.

Approach and Autothrottle

The flight was cleared for the ILS Runway 19 approach, with a circle-to-land on Runway 24, a 6,013-foot-long, 150-foot-wide asphalt runway. During the approach, at about 800 feet above ground level (agl), the auto throttle and autopilot were disengaged. However, just prior to touchdown, at about 35 feet agl, the auto throttle reengaged. The flightcrew did not recall reengaging the auto throttle and were unaware of its reengagement. According to the auto throttle computers, the reengagement was commanded through one of the Engage/Disengage paddle switches located on each power lever. The target airspeed set for the auto throttle system was 138 knots.

Landing and Runway Excursion

After touchdown, as the airplane decelerated below 138 knots, the auto throttle system gradually increased the power levers in an attempt to maintain the target airspeed. Because the power levers were not in the idle position, the ground spoilers and thrust reversers did not deploy. While the flightcrew pulled up on the thrust reverser levers, they may not have initially provided enough aft force on the power levers (15 to 32 lbs.) to override and disconnect the auto throttle system. The flight data recorder indicated that the autothrottle system disengaged 16 seconds after the weight-on-wheels switches were activated in ground mode. As the airplane neared the end of the runway, the pilot engaged the emergency brake, and the airplane departed the right side of the runway.

System Design and Environmental Conditions

The autothrottle Engage/Disengage paddle switches were not equipped with switch guards. Although the autothrottle system provided an audible tone when disengaged, it did not provide a tone when engaged. The reported wind about the time of the accident was from 290 degrees at 16 knots, gusting to 25 knots, with a peak wind from 300 degrees at 32 knots.

Probable cause

The flightcrew's inadvertent engagement of the autothrottle system, and their failure to recognize the engagement during landing, which resulted in a runway excursion. Factors were the lack of autothrottle switch guards, lack of an autothrottle engagement audible tone, and gusty winds.