Dual engine failure during takeoff climb leads to forced landing

No fatalities • Saint Louis-Downtown, United States of America • Takeoff (climb)

A turbojet aircraft experienced a total loss of power in both engines following a bird strike during the initial climb, resulting in a forced landing and subsequent fire.

What happened

During the takeoff climb phase, a turbojet aircraft experienced a simultaneous loss of power in both engines. According to the pilot, the aircraft had completed all pre-takeoff checks and taxiing without any operational issues. After rotation and the retraction of landing gear and flaps, the aircraft encountered a large flock of birds. The impact caused the number two engine to fail immediately. In an attempt to compensate, the pilot increased thrust, but the number one engine failed to respond, producing only about 70% RPM with excessive exhaust gas temperature.

The co-pilot reported observing a large group of birds passing just left of the aircraft's nose at an altitude between 500 and 1,000 feet AGL, followed by an engine flameout. As the crew attempted to transition to single-engine procedures, the aircraft lost airspeed and altitude. The pilot initiated an emergency descent to a nearby field for a forced landing. Following the impact, a post-accident fire broke out, necessitating an evacuation of the crew and passengers. There were 0 fatalities and 0 injuries reported during the evacuation.

Findings

An investigation of the aircraft's fuel, pneumatic, and engine systems revealed no mechanical anomalies or failures prior to the impact. While no physical evidence of bird ingestion was found within the engines, the Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) captured a sound similar to a decrease in engine RPM immediately following a thumping noise. Analysis of the flight profile and CVR sound spectrum indicated that one engine flamed out almost instantly after the impact, while the second engine experienced a series of compressor stalls until it reached flight idle.

Although the engine's steel construction limited physical damage from the strike, the investigation noted that the ingestion of small birds, such as a 2-4 ounce starling, had been shown to cause compressor stalls in certification testing. A wildlife survey conducted at the airport two days after the event identified a flock of approximately 800 European Starlings in the area, suggesting bird ingestion as the primary catalyst for the engine failures.

Probable cause

The ingestion of birds into both engines during the takeoff climb caused an immediate engine flameout and subsequent compressor stalls, leading to a loss of thrust.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 2003-11-12 Learjet 24 accident near Saint Louis-Downtown, United States of America?

A turbojet aircraft experienced a total loss of power in both engines following a bird strike during the initial climb, resulting in a forced landing and subsequent fire.

Were there any fatalities in the 2003-11-12 Learjet 24 accident?

No fatalities were recorded in this accident.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 2003-11-12 involved a Learjet 24, registration N77JL, operated by Multi-Aero, at Saint Louis-Downtown, United States of America.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The ingestion of birds into both engines during the takeoff climb caused an immediate engine flameout and subsequent compressor stalls, leading to a loss of thrust.

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