2 fatalities

2016-12-12: PAC 750XL - Pacific Aerospace Corporation (ZK-JPU) — Farmers Air — Tiniroto, New Zealand

Tiniroto, New ZealandFlight

On December 12, 2016, a PAC 750XL - Pacific Aerospace Corporation (registration ZK-JPU) operated by Farmers Air was involved in an aviation accident near Tiniroto, New Zealand in flight. 2 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: Conclusions 3.1 The aircraft struck six 110 kV high voltage power lines. 3.2 The pilot likely experienced inattentional blindness, in that the pilot’s attention was likely engaged on the other aircraft and thus the pilot failed to perceive the visual stimuli. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 1 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781192088Data APIEditorial standards

On 12 December 2016, a Pacific Aerospace 750XL (ZK-JPU) struck six 110 kV power lines during an agricultural topdressing flight near Gisborne, New Zealand. The aircraft impacted terrain and a post-impact fire ensued.

Incident Overview

At approximately 0500 hours on 12 December 2016, the pilot of ZK-JPU arrived at Gisborne Aerodrome accompanied by a trainee loader driver, while a senior loader driver was already at the hangar. The pilot conducted preflight checks for the day's agricultural operations. Earlier that morning, the managing director of the operator had requested the pilot to add a task at Pembroke Station to the flight plan due to illness. The original plan involved topdressing at Tauwharetoi Station followed by Waimaha Station, but the pilot agreed to the extra task.

Flight and Communication

ZK-JPU departed Gisborne Aerodrome at approximately 0515 hours with the pilot and both loader drivers on board. The aircraft landed at a private airstrip at 0530 hours, where the loader truck was already positioned from a previous week's work. After assisting with equipment checks, the pilot commenced topdressing at about 0600 hours. Another pilot from the same operator, flying a similar aircraft (ZK-XLA), was working at Bushy Knoll Station. At approximately 0615 hours, the two pilots exchanged greetings and intentions over the radio before continuing their tasks.

After completing the first task, the pilot of ZK-JPU landed and instructed the senior loader driver to return to base. The senior loader driver refueled the aircraft with 100 liters of fuel, packed equipment, and gave the trainee loader driver a radio. Following a 15-minute break, the pilot and trainee loader driver boarded the aircraft. The senior loader driver observed the takeoff and departed in the loader truck.

Collision with Power Lines

At approximately 0850 hours, the pilot of ZK-XLA received a radio call from the pilot of ZK-JPU asking about turning direction, followed by a statement that ZK-JPU was to the left. The pilot of ZK-XLA was sowing the boundary of Bushy Knoll Station and planned to turn right to return to the airstrip. Spanning the valley near the boundary were 110 kV high voltage power lines consisting of six conductors supported by towers. The lowest point of the span was approximately 200 feet above terrain.

At 0857 hours, the power supply to Gisborne and the East Coast was interrupted. Finishing his run, the pilot of ZK-XLA commenced a right climbing turn and spotted ZK-JPU over his right shoulder. He noted something trailing from the left wing of ZK-JPU and transmitted "you are trailing wire," but received no response. He then witnessed ZK-JPU continue down the valley, rolling left before impacting terrain approximately 700 meters further south. A post-impact fire ensued, producing heavy black smoke. The pilot of ZK-XLA circled the site and attempted to call the operator, then activated the emergency communication equipment and reported the accident to Gisborne Tower.

The accident occurred in daylight at 0857 hours, approximately 24 nautical miles west of Gisborne Aerodrome at coordinates S 38° 44' 30.85", E 177° 28' 37.41".

Probable cause

Conclusions 3.1 The aircraft struck six 110 kV high voltage power lines. 3.2 The pilot likely experienced inattentional blindness, in that the pilot’s attention was likely engaged on the other aircraft and thus the pilot failed to perceive the visual stimuli. 3.3 The pilot was appropriately rated and licensed to conduct the flight. 3.4 Research has shown that striking a wire that the pilot was aware of usually occurred because something changed, such as a last minute change of plan. 3.5 The pilot elected to change the plan at the last minute and detour during the positioning flight to an area where a pilot from the same operator was also conducting aerial topdressing. 3.6 The pilot did not conduct a hazard briefing for the area about to be flown and thus did not afford himself the most accurate and well informed mental model of the area the pilot elected to operate in. 3.7 Several human factors likely influenced the pilot’s decision-making and risk perception leading to the decision to change the original plan and deviate from the minimum heights as stipulated by CAR 91.311 and operators SOPs. 3.8 The safety investigation did not identify any mechanical defects which may have contributed to the accident. 3.9 The accident was not survivable.