What happened
On 16 November 2021, a solo student pilot was conducting a navigational training flight departing from Wonderboom Aerodrome (FAWB). During the flight, the pilot encountered significant turbulence, prompting a decision to abort the mission and return to the aerodrome. After receiving clearance from air traffic control to land on Runway 2/29, the pilot configured the Cessna 172M with 20 degrees of flaps.
While the pilot reported experiencing 15-knot winds, official meteorological reports (METAR) from both 1200Z and 1500Z indicated much lighter, variable wind conditions. Upon touchdown, the aircraft experienced a hard landing. Although the pilot was able to vacate the runway without assistance and sustained no injuries, the impact caused structural damage, specifically to the nose wheel rim and the firewall. The aircraft, registered ZS-JBO, was operated as part of a Part 141 training flight.
The investigation
The investigation into the incident focused on the mechanical state of the aircraft and the operational environment. Investigators confirmed that there were no mechanical or engine malfunctions that contributed to the event. Furthermore, because the pilot was the sole occupant, the aircraft's weight and balance remained within safe limits. The training organization involved held a valid certificate issued by the South African Civil Aviation Authority.
Findings
- The primary cause of the incident was the use of incorrect landing technique by the student pilot.
- No mechanical failures or engine issues were identified as contributing factors.
- The aircraft's weight and balance were not a factor due to the single-occupant nature of the flight.
Safety action
Following this incident, which occurred on the same day as another hard landing involving the same training organization, the ATO issued a safety notice on 16 November 2021. This notice mandates that all student pilots, trainees, and pilots renting aircraft from the institution must undergo a dual check consisting of at least three circuits, supervised by a flight instructor, prior to their next flight.