What happened
On 7 January 2014, an AS350 B3 helicopter, registration ZS-RIU, was conducting an operational proficiency check at Grand Central Aerodrome (FAGC). The flight, which departed from Kya Sands, included an instructor pilot, a pilot undergoing the check, and two passengers.
Upon arrival at the aerodrome, the instructor initiated a simulation of a Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FAD/FADEC) failure. While the pilot flying followed the procedures outlined in the Rotor Flight Manual (RFM), the aircraft experienced high rotor speed during the initial touchdown. In an attempt to manage this, the pilot increased the collective pitch. This action, combined with the high rotor speed, caused the helicopter to lift off the ground to an altitude of approximately 30 feet AGL.
As the instructor returned the FADEC system to normal, the pilot closed the throttle, causing the rotor speed to decay rapidly. This led to a heavy descent and a hard touchdown near runway 35. The impact caused the skid gear to break off and the tail boom to sustain substantial damage, though the aircraft remained upright. There were no injuries to the four occupants.
The investigation
SACAA AIID examined the flight sequence, the aircraft's mechanical state, and the regulatory environment surrounding the training. The investigation confirmed that the engine was free from any mechanical anomalies or pre-impact malfunctions. The aircraft's maintenance records showed it had been maintained according to approved procedures.
Investigators also reviewed the legality of the flight configuration. While the pilots were properly licensed and qualified, the investigation focused on the presence of passengers during a simulated emergency, which is a critical factor in the safety of such maneuvers.