GA pilot reported an NMAC while on final approach. As the pilot neared the runway at 300 feet and approximately 1/4 mile; a faster low wing aircraft passed by 100 feet higher and slightly left; for the same runway. The pilot stated there was no traffic advisory or warning from the Tower Controller prior to or during the event.

Narrative

Summary: While at approximately 300 ft MSL and 1/4 mile from the threshold of Runway XXL on final approach and cleared to land another aircraft; Aircraft Y; overflew my aircraft approximately 100 to 200 feet above and 50 feet to my left in the landing configuration; also apparently aiming for the numbers. Both of us had been cleared to land. Neither one of us saw the other. ATC did not call out either one to the other until after the conflict had passed.Aircraft Y was about 15 knots faster than me. About the same time I saw him; ZZZ ATC issued a traffic alert to Aircraft Y for [another aircraft] on final and told him to widen it to the right; and 4 seconds later instructed him to go around. I observed Aircraft Y initiate a climb and retract his flaps as I was almost directly below him. I proceeded to land without incident.Sequence of events: ATC cleared Aircraft Y; who was staying in the pattern; touch and go. I was returning from ZZZ1 and called in over [landmark]. At this point I was outside the class D and had just made my initial radio call to land. Tower told me to report right base to [Runway] XXL and I acknowledged. The Tower Controller did not give sequence instructions to Aircraft Y. There were no other instructions given to Aircraft Y until the traffic alert advisory and instructions to go around.Tower cleared me to land. I was on about a 3 mile right base. There were no sequence instructions given to me either. I assumed I was number one. I was not instructed to look for traffic in a left closed pattern. The first time I actually saw Aircraft Y was on short final when he passed a couple hundred feet over my head; flaps down in a descent.It is my opinion that a midair collision was narrowly avoided by pure luck. I did not see; nor was I looking for; Aircraft Y. Since I was not given sequencing instructions I assumed I was number 1 to land. Since Aircraft Y overflew me above and slightly to my left; I assume he never saw me being a low wing. Likewise I could not see him until he had overtaken me since he was above and behind me and I am a high wing. I surmise he also assumed that he was number one since he was not given sequence instructions. On the tapes you can hear me exclaim 'Whoa; that was close' right after ATC told him to go around. After landing and [being] given taxi clearance; I asked Tower 'where did he come from?' the reply was 'he turned base early. He was above you the whole time'. I don't think the controller had any idea how close we actually were; and I don't think he actually saw us until after Aircraft Y had overtaken me. In fact; his instruction to 'widen it to the right' would have actually brought him closer to me since he was above and to my left. I think from his perspective in the tower; visually; he couldn't tell how close we were laterally.It is my opinion that this controller got distracted and failed to keep us at a safe distance and allowed two aircraft to converge on the same point at the same time while under his control. It is my opinion that he was not diligently watching the only two aircraft under his control landing on that runway. Given the configurations of our two aircraft; it may or may not have been possible for us to see each other once established on final.Had he called either Aircraft Y out to me or vice versa when he cleared us; or properly sequenced us; I think this situation could have been avoided.I am based out of ZZZ. I am aware that see and avoid is still my responsibility even while in class D airspace and cleared to land; but in the future I will listen more intently to other radio calls and assume nothing.