E190 Captain reported rejecting a takeoff due to vibration in the #1 Engine. Significant ice build-up was found on the nose cone and vanes of the affected engine after inspecting the aircraft after returning to the gate; even though deicing was performed.

Narrative

Type 1 deicing completed approximately XA:20. Takeoff roll at approximately XA:30. We executed rejected takeoff on Runway XX ZZZ due to high and increasing vibration indication on #1 Engine along with associated feel in aircraft. F2 confirmed the same from their aft jumpseat post-event. This occurred immediately after my 'Checked' call to the FO's (First Officer) 'Power Set' call. I elected not to take the aircraft airborne into moderate icing conditions at this point and rejected takeoff at approximately 105 kt. +/- 5. Both engine and wing anti-ice were selected on. Runway remaining approximately 4;000 ft. Gave cabin crew at stations command; followed immediately by remain seated; remain seated. After runway exit; coordinated return to gate. Found significant ice buildup on #1 Engine; only nose cone and vanes. #2 Engine presented clear. FO indicated no ice buildup apparent on his pre-flight walkaround; though aircraft would require at least Type 1 deicing. A maintenance logbook entry for this event was made; Maintenance cleared ice and inspected aircraft; and returned it to service.