C172 pilot flying reported a ground conflict with another aircraft on the taxiway while taxiing to parking. The pilot immediately stopped proceeding after noticing the traffic.

Narrative

Instrument rating training flight. Completed visual approach [Runway] XXR to ZZZ following a jet. I thought I heard Tower instruct the aircraft to exit at [Taxiway] XX; then XY. Landed [Runway] XXR; then was instructed to exit the runway at [Taxiway] XX; then XY to park. Paused on [Taxiway] XX for around ten seconds to raise flaps; turn on strobe lights; and taxi lights. Continued on [Taxiway] XX; looked briefly in both directions for traffic. Because I had thought I heard the preceding traffic instructed to exit at [Taxiway] XX; and Tower did not instruct to give way during taxi; did not expect to see traffic to my left. Did not see the jet approaching from the left during scan. Unsure if it was blocked by the wing or cabin frame. Noticing no traffic; began to turn onto [Taxiway] XY. Shortly after the right turn began; noticed traffic moving from left to right. Stopped immediately. Right wingtip of the jet seemed to reach about ten feet from the front of my aircraft. Jet did not stop; but seemed to veer left on [Taxiway] XY to increase distance. After the jet notified ATC of the near miss; the controller apologized and mentioned that he had lost track of the traffic while it passed in front of the Tower. After; continued onto [Taxiway] XY after the traffic moved away; and parked on the student ramp without issue.Overall; there were a number of factors that led to this problem. The fact that I thought the traffic had exited on [Taxiway] XX; along with confirmation bias from the controller's instructions that did not say to give way; led me to believe there wouldn't be any traffic coming from my left. This; compounded with the fact that it was night and this portion of the airport wasn't well lit; led to my failure to see the traffic before continuing to taxi. In order to help prevent this in the future; I will be more cautious when turning to a new taxiway; and query ATC if a taxi instruction doesn't seem to be safe for the current situation.