ORD B757 RWY 14L DEP EXPRESSED CONCERN WITH ANTICIPATED SEPARATION USED BY ATC WHEN ARR TO RWY 22R WAS ISSUED GAR TO MAINTAIN SEPARATION.

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THIS IS AN EVENT WHICH ATC WOULD LABEL; ATC CTLR USING ANTICIPATED SEPARATION. WE WERE CLRED FOR TKOF ON RWY 14L WITH AN RJ50 ON A 3 MI FINAL FOR RWY 22R. WE HAD A NORMAL TKOF SHORT FOR A LIGHT WT B757 GOING ORD-DTW. I ROTATED PRIOR TO THE RWYS 14L/22R INTXN. AS I CALLED FOR 'GEAR UP' THE TWR CTLR TOLD THE RJ TO 'GO AROUND.' I COULD STILL SEE THE RJ OUT OF THE CAPT'S FRONT WINDOW. THE RJ AND US WERE CLBING ABOUT THE SAME RATE OF CLB. I LOST SIGHT OF THE RJ AS WE CONTINUED OUR DEP; BUT THE TCAS SHOWED HIM WITH 100 FT AND COLLOCATED WITH US. BECAUSE WE WERE VERY BUSY IN THE COCKPIT; WE DID NOT THINK OF FILING AN NMAC. AFTER READING ABOUT THE SIMILAR SIT AT BOS WITH ACR X; I FELT COMPELLED TO FILE THIS SAFETY RPT. I STRONGLY FEEL THE CTLRS AT ARPTS LIKE ORD ARE PUTTING OUR LIVES AND OUR PAX'S LIVES AT RISK. WE COULD NOT SEE THE OTHER ACFT TO JUDGE THE SEPARATION; SO WE RELIED ON THE TWR CTLR. IN THE FUTURE; I WILL NOT ACCEPT A CLRNC TO TKOF UNLESS I HAVE 5 MI SEPARATION BTWN ACFT ON INTERSECTING RWYS.