Tail Skid Damage During DC9 Landing

Casualties unknown • Honolulu, HI, US

A Hawaiian Airlines DC9 experienced a sudden increase in sink rate during landing, resulting in the tail skid breaking off upon impact.

What happened

A DC9 was cleared to land on runway 8L. At the time of the approach, all passenger aircraft departing from the passenger terminal via runway 8R were required to cross the approach end of runway 8L. Approximately 1 minute and 10 seconds before the DC9 touched down, a heavy Boeing 747 crossed the approach end of runway 8L while en route to runway 8R.

The crew reported that the approach was initially stabilized at VREF plus 10 knots with a descent rate of 600 feet per minute. However, when the aircraft was at 50 feet above ground level over the approach end of the runway, the airspeed suddenly dropped to VREF and a high sink rate developed.

The flying pilot managed to arrest the descent rate by increasing power and adjusting the pitch attitude. During this maneuver, the pitch attitude exceeded the 10.4 degrees required to strike the ground. This resulted in the tail skid breaking off and causing damage to several internal members within the tail section of the aircraft.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1988-08-20 Mcdonnell Douglas DC9-51 accident near Honolulu, HI?

A Hawaiian Airlines DC9 experienced a sudden increase in sink rate during landing, resulting in the tail skid breaking off upon impact.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1988-08-20 involved a Mcdonnell Douglas DC9-51, registration N689HA, operated by Hawaiian Airlines, Inc., at Honolulu, HI.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

THE AIRCRAFTS ENCOUNTER WITH THE ENGINE EXHAUST FLOW AND RELATED TURBULENCE FROM A HEAVY BOEING 747, WHICH CROSSED THE APPROACH END OF THE RUNWAY ABOUT 1 MINUTE AND TEN SECONDS PRIOR TO THE INCIDENT.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001213X26591. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.

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