What happened
On March 9, 2023, a training flight was being conducted by a crew consisting of a PPL(A) pilot and a CPL(A) instructor. The flight began with several touch-and-go maneuvers at Pruszcz Gdański airport. Following an initial period of flight, the crew proceeded to a practice area to perform simulated flight without ground visibility and an imitation of an emergency landing in unprepared terrain.
During the transition to a climb following the simulated landing, the engine experienced a sudden and significant drop in power. In response to the power loss, the crew attempted a 18/0-degree turn at a low altitude. This maneuver resulted in an aerodynamic stall, causing the right wing to strike the ground. The SportStar RTC, registration SP-GDN, was destroyed in the impact. The accident resulted in two fatalities.
The investigation
The PKBWL investigation examined aircraft documentation, flight data from the onboard Dynon SkyView system, and wreckage inspections. Investigators analyzed engine parameters, including RPM, manifold pressure, and cylinder head temperatures. The inspection of the wreckage revealed that the right wing had been torn off upon impact, but all control surfaces remained intact and functional. The investigation also reviewed meteorological conditions, noting an ambient temperature of 1-2°C and a dew point of approximately -8°C, which were conducive to icing.
Findings
- The primary cause of the accident was the unskillful execution of a turn at low altitude, which led to the aircraft entering a stall.
- The maneuver was performed at an insufficient altitude, violating both the Flight Training Program and SERA regulations.
- Probable carburetor icing in the intake manifold likely caused the engine power loss during the climb phase, as evidenced by the drop in manifold pressure and cylinder temperatures.
- The carburetor heat knob was found in the extended position during the wreckage inspection, yet icing still occurred during the descent and subsequent climb.