What happened
While en route to Chadron via the Chadron VOR, the pilot received clearance to proceed directly to Ackme IAF for an NDB runway 02 approach. During the flight, the aircraft was approximately 30 miles south-southeast of the VOR. As the aircraft progressed toward the VOR, radar services were transferred and a frequency change occurred roughly 3 to 4 miles southeast of the station.
The aircraft subsequently struck trees on a ridge during its flight path between the VOR and Ackme IAF. The initial impact took place while the aircraft type was in wings-level flight at an altitude of approximately 4,480 feet. Investigation into the flight path indicated that following the frequency change, the pilot continued toward the VOR and then performed maneuvers consistent with an NDB approach, but incorrectly utilized the VOR as the initial approach fix.
Radar tracking was lost after the aircraft completed a procedure turn and was positioned about 6 miles northeast of the VOR. However, the wreckage was located approximately 3 miles west-southwest of the final radar contact point. At the time of the accident, weather conditions at Chadron included light snow, fog, and an overcast ceiling of 500 feet with visibility limited to 1.5 miles. There were no signs of mechanical failure or malfunctions prior to the impact. The accident resulted in two fatalities and one serious injury.
Findings
Investigators identified several contributing environmental factors, including low visibility due to fog, snow, and a low cloud ceiling, as well as dark night conditions. The terrain involved high ridges and trees. A primary factor was the improper execution of IFR procedures by the pilot in command, specifically regarding the failure to maintain proper altitude and the incorrect use of the VOR during the approach sequence.