Incident Details
A Gulfstream G200, registration 4K-AZ88, departed Baku-Bina Airport on a charter flight to Moscow-Sheremetyevo Airport with three passengers and three crew members. After an uneventful flight, the crew received clearance for an approach to runway 24C. The aircraft touched down at a speed of 150 knots approximately 250 meters past the runway threshold.
Sequence of Events
Following touchdown, the crew initiated braking and deployed thrust reversers. After traveling several hundred meters, the aircraft deviated to the left, executed an almost 180-degree turn, and veered off the left side of the runway. While contacting soft ground, the right main landing gear was torn off. The aircraft came to rest in a snow-covered area. All six occupants evacuated safely. The aircraft sustained damage beyond repair.
Probable Cause and Contributing Factors
The official investigation determined the probable cause: the pilot (KVS) stowed the right-engine thrust reverser from maximum reverse while maintaining maximum reverse on the left engine, creating a significant left-turning moment. Factors included a crosswind from the right, turbulence near the rudder due to the left engine's open reverser, and possible ice deposition on outer surfaces. The absence of power steering in the rudder control system allowed the rudder to deflect to the leftmost position despite substantial crew pedal forces (up to 82 kg or 180 pounds). This deflection also turned the nose wheel left. The combined moment from the left engine's reverse, the right engine in forward thrust, and the leftward rudder and nose wheel led to the runway excursion. Separate braking applied by the crew could not prevent the roll-out.
Contributing factors listed in the source: The crew did not consider the Airplane Operating Manual provisions regarding the destabilizing effect of thrust reverse during crosswind landings on runways with reduced braking coefficients. Additionally, increased psycho-emotional tension among crew members due to prolonged dissatisfaction and emotional discussion of ATC instructions and actions was noted, though the ATC actions were found to be in accordance with procedures.