What happened
On September 25, 2022, a Cessna A-182-N, registration LV-JED, departed from the private Campo San José aerodrome in Morteros, Córdoba, for a recreational photography flight. Approximately 25 minutes into the flight, the pilot experienced sudden engine power fluctuations and loss of power. To avoid a more serious incident, the pilot executed an emergency landing on the eastern coast of the Mar Chiquita Lagoon.
The aircraft touched down on soft terrain, causing it to slide several meters before coming to a halt. The impact with the soft ground resulted in a slightly bent propeller blade and damage to the nose gear cowling. All 6 occupants were successfully rescued by emergency services, including firefighters from Morteros and San Guillermo, with no injuries reported.
The investigation
Investigators examined the aircraft's engine and mechanical systems following the event. Post-accident testing, which included a differential compression test and an engine run with an alternative propeller, showed that the engine, fuel filter, air filter, and carburetor heat system were all functioning within normal parameters. No mechanical failures were detected in the engine components.
Meteorological data from the National Meteorological Service indicated that atmospheric conditions at the flight levels involved were highly conducive to carburetor icing. Specifically, the temperature and dew point levels suggested a high probability of moderate to severe ice formation within the carburetor induction system.
Findings
- The engine power loss that necessitated the emergency landing was likely caused by carburetor icing.
- The soft nature of the landing site terrain contributed to the minor damage sustained by the propeller and nose gear.
- The aircraft was operating with 6 occupants, which exceeded its maximum certified capacity. This overcrowding meant that two passengers were not secured by seats or safety belts, representing a significant safety risk during the landing.