What happened
On 15 September 2013, a Piper PA-3-300, registration ZS-IWV, was performing a private flight from the Ranch Hotel Aerodrome near Polokwane to Krugersdorp Aerodrome. After a period of being parked on the apron, the pilot initiated the return flight following a lunch break. During the takeoff roll from Runway 06, the engine appeared to function normally; however, once the aircraft reached approximately 300 ft above ground level, the pilot noticed a partial loss of power. Within seconds, the engine stopped completely, leaving the propeller in a windmilling state.
Seeking a safe landing site, the pilot identified the N1 highway as a suitable area due to the lack of vehicle traffic at that moment. While maneuvering for the approach, the pilot encountered high-tension power lines spanning the roadway. To avoid a collision with these wires, the pilot pulled the nose up, which caused a significant decay in airspeed. Although the engine power was restored shortly before touchdown, the aircraft was too low and slow to recover. The aircraft struck the asphalt in a nose-down and right-wing-low attitude, causing the nose and right main landing gear to break off. The aircraft then skidded into a roadside safety barrier before coming to rest on the highway.
The investigation
SACAA AIID investigators examined the aircraft and the circumstances surrounding the engine failure. The investigation confirmed that the aircraft was well below its maximum takeoff weight and had sufficient fuel for the intended mission. A teardown of the engine revealed no mechanical failures, and the fuel pump passed all bench tests. The investigation also noted that the pilot had recently completed type-specific training on this aircraft model.
Findings
- The engine stoppage was likely caused by an interrupted fuel supply, potentially due to a vapour lock, followed by the time required to refill fuel lines after the pilot switched tanks.
- The pilot's decision to pull up to avoid high-tension wires caused a rapid loss of airspeed, making a controlled landing difficult.
- The presence of red and white hazard markers on the power lines was a critical factor that allowed the pilot to avoid a direct collision with the wires.
- Hazy visibility (3 km) likely contributed to the pilot only noticing the wires during the final stages of the approach.
- The hard impact and subsequent contact with a safety barrier were the primary causes of the substantial damage to the Piper PA-32-300.