160 fatalities

1994-06-06: Tupolev TU-154 (B-2610) — China Northwest Airlines — Xi'an, China

Xi'an, ChinaTakeoff (climb)

On June 6, 1994, a Tupolev TU-154 (registration B-2610) operated by China Northwest Airlines was involved in an aviation accident near Xi'an, China during takeoff. 160 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: It was determined that the loss of control was the consequence of poor maintenance. The previous evening, the autopilot yaw-channel had been erroneously connected to the bank control and the bank-channel to the yaw control, after maintenance was completed at… This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 1 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781208951Data APIEditorial standards

Twenty-four seconds after takeoff, the crew reported uncommanded rolls up to 30°. The aircraft climbed to 4,717 meters then rolled left, pitched down 65°, and descended uncontrollably. Structural failure occurred before crashing 29 km southeast of Xi'an Airport. All 160 occupants were killed.

Incident

Twenty-four seconds after takeoff, during the initial climb, the crew encountered controllability problems. The captain contacted air traffic control and reported uncommanded rolling movements to the left and right of up to 30°. The aircraft continued to climb but reached a high angle of attack when the nose pitched up to 20°, activating the stall warning alarm. The aircraft attained an altitude of 4,717 metres before rolling to the left, pitching down to an angle of 65°, and entering an uncontrolled descent. At a speed of 747 km/h, the aircraft descended to an altitude of 2,884 metres in 12 seconds. The aircraft then suffered structural deformation and failure before crashing in an open field located 29 kilometres southeast of Xi'an Airport. The aircraft disintegrated on impact, and all 160 occupants were killed.

Probable Cause

The official investigation determined that the loss of control was the consequence of poor maintenance. The previous evening, after maintenance was completed at an unapproved facility, the autopilot yaw-channel had been erroneously connected to the bank control and the bank-channel to the yaw control.