Accident
The descent to Makhachkala was initiated under poor weather conditions. While flying over mountainous terrain, the crew failed to recognize insufficient altitude. At an altitude of 550 meters and a speed of 366 km/h, the aircraft struck the slope of Mt Kukurtbash (980 meters high), located 23 km from the airport. The impact caused the aircraft to disintegrate, and all 51 occupants were killed.
Investigation
Investigators determined that the aircraft was following a wrong approach path to Makhachkala-Uytash Airport due to inaccurate instructions from air traffic control. The ATC controller transmitted incorrect information, leading the aircraft off course and below the minimum prescribed altitude. The crew, unable to see and avoid the mountain because of low clouds, was unaware of their exact position.
Additionally, the crew allowed 47 passengers (39 adults and 8 children) to board in Elista, although only 32 seats were available. This resulted in the aircraft taking off with a total weight 260 kg above the maximum takeoff weight (MTOW).
Probable Cause
The official probable cause states: The aircraft was following a wrong approach path due to inaccurate ATC instructions. ATC transmitted wrong instructions, causing the aircraft to be off course and below the minimum prescribed altitude. The crew could not see and avoid the mountain due to low clouds and was unaware of their exact position. The crew also allowed 47 passengers to board when only 32 seats were available, resulting in a takeoff weight 260 kg above MTOW.