What happened
The accident occurred during a nighttime landing operation. The pilot encountered icing conditions while in flight prior to the approach. Several witnesses observed the aircraft shortly before impact and reported that between one-half and three-quarters of an inch of ice had accumulated on the leading edges of the wings and the vertical stabilizer.
Upon arrival at the destination, the aircraft touched down hard. Post-accident analysis estimated the gross landing weight to be 7,519 pounds. This figure placed the center of gravity near the forward limit. The maximum certificated landing weight for this specific aircraft type is 7,200 pounds.
The investigation
Investigators examined witness statements regarding the visible ice accumulation and the physical condition of the aircraft after the hard touchdown. The discrepancy between the estimated landing weight and the certified maximum was a primary factor in the mechanical stress experienced during the event.
Findings
The accident was influenced by multiple factors. Icing conditions encountered in flight reduced aerodynamic efficiency. Additionally, the aircraft was operated at a weight significantly exceeding its maximum certificated landing weight. The combination of excessive weight and degraded performance due to ice contributed to the hard landing.