Casualties unknown

1983-08-21: Piper PA-12 (N3351M) — St. Xavier, MT

St. Xavier, MT, US

On August 21, 1983, a Piper PA-12 (registration N3351M) was involved in an aviation accident near St. Xavier, MT. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's decision to attempt a go-around from an insufficiently long field, combined with engine coughing and sputtering during the maneuver, which led to a collision with a fence post and a nose-over. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 1781061362Data APIEditorial standards

During an attempted go-around from a short field, the aircraft's engine sputtered and it collided with a fence post, causing a nose-over. The pilot determined stopping was impossible after landing.

What happened

The aircraft operated in a field estimated to be 500 feet long under calm wind conditions. The density altitude was calculated at 4,900 feet. After touching down and rolling approximately 300 feet, the pilot determined that the remaining runway length was insufficient to bring the aircraft to a stop safely. Consequently, the pilot applied power to initiate a go-around maneuver.

As the aircraft became airborne during the climb-out, the engine began to cough and sputter. This irregular operation continued as the aircraft gained altitude. At the end of the available field, the landing gear struck a fence post. The impact caused the aircraft to nosed over.

The investigation

The investigation focused on the mechanical performance of the engine during the critical go-around phase. Examination revealed that the engine experienced significant power loss or irregular combustion, described as coughing and sputtering, immediately after power was applied. This mechanical anomaly occurred while the aircraft was transitioning from ground roll to flight.

Findings

The primary factors contributing to the accident included the insufficient length of the landing area and the engine performance issues during the go-around. The pilot's decision to attempt a stop in a 500-foot field, followed by a late go-around initiation, left minimal margin for error. The density altitude of 4,900 feet may have further degraded engine performance. The collision with the fence post resulted in the nose-over attitude.

Safety message

Pilots operating from short or unimproved fields must carefully calculate required takeoff and landing distances, accounting for density altitude and potential engine performance degradation. Go-around procedures should be initiated early if stopping is uncertain to ensure adequate obstacle clearance and engine power availability.

Probable cause

The pilot's decision to attempt a go-around from an insufficiently long field, combined with engine coughing and sputtering during the maneuver, which led to a collision with a fence post and a nose-over.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X44121. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.