Casualties unknown

Pilot forced landing on road after fuel exhaustion results in crash (N4428T)

Put-in-bay, OH, US

On August 16, 1984, a Piper PA-28R-200 (registration N4428T) was involved in an aviation accident near Put-in-bay, OH. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's failure to maintain adequate fuel reserves during a route deviation caused by weather, resulting in fuel exhaustion and a forced landing. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-20Data APIEditorial standards

A pilot departed with 30 gallons of fuel but encountered weather that required a route deviation, consuming the calculated reserve before reaching the destination.

What happened

The pilot departed the airport carrying 30 gallons of fuel. During the flight, deteriorating weather conditions necessitated a deviation from the planned route, which extended the duration of the trip. The pilot had calculated that the remaining fuel reserve would be sufficient to reach the destination, but this reserve was fully consumed before arrival.

Upon realizing the fuel exhaustion, the pilot attempted an emergency landing on a curving road. During the landing roll, the aircraft departed the road surface at a curve and entered marshy terrain. The impact caused the gear to collapse due to overload as the aircraft collided with two sign structures.

Findings

The primary factor in this accident was fuel exhaustion. The pilot's decision to deviate from the planned route due to weather, combined with insufficient fuel reserves for the extended flight time, led to the loss of engine power. The subsequent forced landing on an unsuitable surface resulted in substantial damage to the aircraft.

Safety message

Pilots must ensure that sufficient fuel reserves are available not only for the planned route but also for potential deviations due to weather or other unforeseen circumstances. Calculating fuel requirements based solely on the original flight plan can be dangerous if en-route conditions change.

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain adequate fuel reserves during a route deviation caused by weather, resulting in fuel exhaustion and a forced landing.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 16 Aug 1984 Piper PA-28R-200 accident near Put-in-bay, OH?

A pilot departed with 30 gallons of fuel but encountered weather that required a route deviation, consuming the calculated reserve before reaching the destination.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 16 Aug 1984 involved a Piper PA-28R-200, registration N4428T, at Put-in-bay, OH.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The pilot's failure to maintain adequate fuel reserves during a route deviation caused by weather, resulting in fuel exhaustion and a forced landing.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X40641. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.