Casualties unknown

1985-02-28: Grumman American AA-5 (N9228L) — Ted N. Denny — Horseshoe Beach, FL

Horseshoe Beach, FL, US

On February 28, 1985, a Grumman American AA-5 (registration N9228L) operated by Ted N. Denny was involved in an aviation accident near Horseshoe Beach, FL. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's failure to maintain control of the aircraft during a night cross-country flight, which resulted in a spiral descent and subsequent crash into the Gulf of Mexico. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 1781061362Data APIEditorial standards

An aircraft crashed into the Gulf of Mexico during a night cross-country flight. Radar data indicated the plane entered a spiral before disappearing. The pilot was found deceased, with alcohol detected in post-mortem analysis.

What happened

The aircraft was engaged in a night cross-country flight when it ultimately crashed into the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Weather conditions at the intended destination had been forecast to be Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). However, witnesses near the accident site reported that local weather was clear with no fog present, although visibility was limited due to the darkness of the night.

When the aircraft failed to arrive at its destination, a search operation was initiated. The wreckage was located the following day at 1106 Eastern Standard Time. The crash site was situated approximately three miles south of Horseshoe Beach. The pilot was not injured in the sense of surviving; the individual was deceased as a result of the impact.

The investigation

Examination of the aircraft wreckage revealed no evidence of pre-impact part failure or mechanical malfunction. Analysis of radar data indicated that the aircraft had entered a spiral maneuver before radio contact was lost in the vicinity of the crash site. A post-mortem examination of the pilot's blood showed the presence of a slight amount of alcohol. Investigators noted, however, that some or all of this alcohol could have been attributed to putrefaction rather than ingestion prior to flight.

Findings

The primary factors leading to the accident included the aircraft entering a spiral during night conditions and the subsequent loss of control. The weather conditions at the accident site were reported as good by witnesses, but the darkness of the night likely contributed to spatial disorientation or loss of visual references. The pilot's blood alcohol level was inconclusive due to potential post-mortem changes.

Safety message

Pilots operating at night should be aware that even with clear weather reports, the lack of visual references can lead to spatial disorientation. Thorough pre-flight planning and adherence to instrument flight rules when necessary are critical for safety.

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain control of the aircraft during a night cross-country flight, which resulted in a spiral descent and subsequent crash into the Gulf of Mexico.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001214X35749. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.