Casualties unknown

Right Engine Gearbox Failure Prompts In-Flight Shutdown and Landing (N223AS)

Fort Smith, AR, US

On December 23, 1986, an Embraer BRASILIA EMB-120 (registration N223AS) was involved in an aviation accident near Fort Smith, AR. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: A sudden and catastrophic failure of the propeller reduction gearbox assembly due to a high cycle, metal fatigue fracture on one of two helical gears. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

During descent for landing, the right engine gearbox chip detector illuminated, followed by a loud bang and severe vibration. The crew feathered the propeller and shut down the engine, stopping the vibration, and landed safely.

Incident Overview

This incident occurred as the flight crew was initiating a descent into final approach for a landing. The right engine gearbox chip detector illuminated, which was followed by a loud bang and severe vibration. In response, the crew feathered the propeller and shut down the engine using the condition lever. When the propeller was feathered and the engine shut down, the rotation and vibration stopped. The crew subsequently landed the aircraft without any further incident.

Powerplant Investigation

A teardown inspection of the powerplant was performed at the factory. The examination revealed a sudden and catastrophic failure of the propeller reduction gearbox assembly. The cause of this failure was a high cycle metal fatigue fracture on one of two helical gears within the gearbox.

Propeller Assembly Investigation

The propeller assembly was also subjected to a teardown and inspection. The inspection revealed severe damage to the composite plastic blade retainer rings and the metal actuator yokes. This damage was caused by the sudden deceleration and stoppage of the propeller after the gearbox failure.

Probable cause

A sudden and catastrophic failure of the propeller reduction gearbox assembly due to a high cycle, metal fatigue fracture on one of two helical gears.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001213X35413. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.