Casualties unknown

PA-36 Agricultural Aircraft Overweight During Spray Operation (N2412X)

Mullica Hill, NJ, US

On May 23, 1987, a Piper PA-36-400 (registration N2412X) was involved in an aviation accident near Mullica Hill, NJ. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed and altitude to clear power lines while operating an aircraft that exceeded its maximum allowable gross weight. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

A Piper PA-36 agricultural aircraft exceeded its maximum allowable gross weight while spraying for gypsy moth control, resulting in an inability to clear power lines and a subsequent forced landing.

What happened

The pilot of a Piper PA-36 was conducting aerial application operations to spray chemicals on trees for the purpose of controlling the gypsy moth population. During the operation, the aircraft encountered overhead power lines that it could not safely clear due to its current flight conditions. Unable to maintain sufficient altitude or performance to bypass the obstruction, the pilot made the decision to dump the chemical load from the aircraft's tanks. Following the release of the payload, the aircraft settled to the ground.

The investigation

An examination of the accident data revealed significant weight constraints on the aircraft at the time of the incident. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) reported that the total weight of the PA-36 exceeded the maximum allowable gross weight limit established for the aircraft type. This excess weight contributed to the aircraft's inability to generate sufficient lift to clear the power lines while carrying the full chemical load.

Findings

The primary factors leading to the incident included the decision to operate an aircraft that was overweight for the specific task of clearing obstacles, and the subsequent loss of performance margin. The excess weight prevented the pilot from executing a safe maneuver around the power lines, necessitating the dump of the cargo and resulting in a forced landing.

Safety message

Operators must ensure that agricultural aircraft do not exceed their maximum allowable gross weight limits, particularly when operating in environments with overhead obstacles such as power lines. Adequate performance margins are critical for safe obstacle clearance during low-altitude spray operations.

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed and altitude to clear power lines while operating an aircraft that exceeded its maximum allowable gross weight.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001213X31015. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.