Casualties unknown

VFR Flight into IMC Results in Terrain Impact (N9693B)

Refugio, TX, US

On October 16, 1987, a Cessna 172RG (registration N9693B) operated by Gary Haltom was involved in an aviation accident near Refugio, TX. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's decision to continue a VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the loss of control and subsequent impact with terrain. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-22Data APIEditorial standards

A pilot continued a visual flight rules mission into instrument meteorological conditions, leading to an uncontrolled impact with terrain while the aircraft maintained a nose-low attitude.

What happened

The pilot elected to continue a flight under visual flight rules despite encountering weather conditions that met the criteria for instrument meteorological conditions. As the situation deteriorated, the aircraft ultimately collided with the ground. The impact occurred while the airplane was in an extremely nose-low pitch attitude, indicating a loss of situational awareness or control during the descent.

The investigation

An examination of the pre-flight and in-flight procedures revealed significant gaps in weather preparation. There were no records indicating that the pilot had obtained any pre-flight weather briefings or in-flight forecasts prior to or during the operation. This lack of meteorological data likely contributed to the decision to proceed into adverse conditions.

Findings

A witness located near the crash site reported hearing normal engine sounds immediately before the accident occurred. The sound was described as wavering, which may suggest engine fluctuations due to fuel flow issues or control inputs, but no mechanical failure was definitively identified from the audio report alone. The primary factor in the accident was the decision to fly into weather conditions beyond the pilot's visual reference capabilities.

Safety message

Pilots must strictly adhere to visual flight rules and avoid entering instrument meteorological conditions without appropriate training, equipment, and clearance. Obtaining comprehensive weather briefings before departure and monitoring conditions continuously during flight is essential for preventing controlled flight into terrain.

Probable cause

The pilot's decision to continue a VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the loss of control and subsequent impact with terrain.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 16 Oct 1987 Cessna 172RG accident near Refugio, TX?

A pilot continued a visual flight rules mission into instrument meteorological conditions, leading to an uncontrolled impact with terrain while the aircraft maintained a nose-low attitude.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 16 Oct 1987 involved a Cessna 172RG, registration N9693B, operated by Gary Haltom, at Refugio, TX.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The pilot's decision to continue a VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions, which resulted in the loss of control and subsequent impact with terrain.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001213X32321. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.