Casualties unknown

Inflight Breakup Due to Ice Blocking Pitot/Static Tube (N2CL)

Carmel, IN, US

On January 2, 1989, a Piper PA-28-200 (registration N2CL) operated by Henson, Keith A. was involved in an aviation accident near Carmel, IN. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE PILOT'S POOR UNDERSTANDING OF THE WEATHER FORECAST, HIS FAILURE TO UTILIZE THE PITOT HEAT IN ICING CONDITIONS AND THE EXCEEDING OF THE STRESS LIMITS OF THE AIRCRAFT. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered N2CL
Aircraft registered N2CL. Photo: Rob Hodgkins / CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

An aircraft departed in instrument meteorological conditions and experienced loss of control followed by inflight separation of both wings and the empennage. Investigation revealed ice blocking the pitot/static tube; the pitot heat switch was found off.

Departure and Conditions

The aircraft departed for a cross-country flight in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). During the climb to cruise altitude, the pilot experienced a loss of aircraft control, which was followed by an inflight separation of both wings and the empennage.

Investigation Findings

Subsequent investigation revealed that ice was blocking the pitot/static tube. Icing forecasts had been valid for the period covering the time of the flight, and the pilot had received a briefing regarding possible ice. The pitot heat system was tested during a post-accident examination and was found to be operational; however, the pitot heat switch was found in the off position after the accident.

Conclusions

The blockage of the pitot/static tube by ice, combined with the pitot heat being off, led to inaccurate airspeed indications. This likely caused the loss of control and subsequent structural failure.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 2 Jan 1989 Piper PA-28-200 accident near Carmel, IN?

An aircraft departed in instrument meteorological conditions and experienced loss of control followed by inflight separation of both wings and the empennage. Investigation revealed ice blocking the pitot/static tube; the pitot heat switch was found off.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 2 Jan 1989 involved a Piper PA-28-200, registration N2CL, operated by Henson, Keith A., at Carmel, IN.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

THE PILOT'S POOR UNDERSTANDING OF THE WEATHER FORECAST, HIS FAILURE TO UTILIZE THE PITOT HEAT IN ICING CONDITIONS AND THE EXCEEDING OF THE STRESS LIMITS OF THE AIRCRAFT.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001213X27553. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.