Casualties unknown

Tailwheel Detent Failure Causes Ground Loop on Landing (N86483)

Springdale, AR, US

On September 15, 1990, a Piper PA-22-160 (registration N86483) was involved in an aviation accident near Springdale, AR. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's inability to regain directional control after touchdown, which resulted from the tailwheel assembly's centering detent failing due to excessive wear. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

A private pilot lost directional control during landing as the aircraft ground looped, resulting in significant damage to the right wing and collapsed landing gear due to a failed tailwheel assembly detent.

What happened

The private pilot was operating his own aircraft under calm wind conditions when he executed a standard approach and touchdown. Immediately upon contact with the runway surface, the aircraft began to swerve unpredictably. Despite the pilot's efforts to maintain directional control, the situation escalated rapidly, leading to a ground loop maneuver. The aircraft sustained substantial damage during this incident, specifically affecting the right wing structure and causing the landing gear to collapse.

The investigation

Following the accident, investigators conducted a detailed examination of the aircraft's tailwheel assembly. The inspection focused on the mechanical components responsible for maintaining straight-line tracking during ground operations. The technical analysis revealed that the centering detent mechanism within the tailwheel assembly had failed. This failure was attributed to excessive wear on the component, which compromised its ability to keep the tailwheel aligned properly.

Findings

The primary factor contributing to the loss of control was the mechanical failure of the tailwheel centering detent. The excessive wear prevented the tailwheel from self-centering, allowing the aircraft to deviate sharply upon touchdown. This mechanical defect directly led to the ground loop, which resulted in the observed structural damage. The pilot's inability to recover control was a direct consequence of this sudden directional instability caused by the worn component.

Safety message

Regular inspection of tailwheel assembly components, particularly centering detents and springs, is critical for aircraft equipped with conventional landing gear. Excessive wear in these mechanisms can lead to unpredictable directional control issues during taxi and landing phases. Operators should ensure that maintenance schedules include thorough checks of these wear items to prevent similar incidents.

Probable cause

The pilot's inability to regain directional control after touchdown, which resulted from the tailwheel assembly's centering detent failing due to excessive wear.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X24249. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.